Chile recognized as the first country in the Americas to eradicate leprosy

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) have officially certified Chile as the first country in the Americas and the second country in the world to eradicate leprosy (Hansen's disease). This is the fruit of public health efforts that have lasted for more than 30 years, and is evaluated as an important milestone in the history of international health.

In Chile, leprosy was historically recorded on Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in the late 19th century, with only sporadic introductions from the mainland. The last domestic case of infection was confirmed in 1993, and no new cases of local infection have been reported for more than 30 years.

The fruit of a continuous surveillance system and political will

At the request of the Chilean Ministry of Health, WHO and PAHO convened an independent expert panel in 2025 to evaluate whether the disease can be eradicated. After comprehensively reviewing epidemiological data, surveillance systems, case management protocols, and sustainability plans, the expert panel confirmed that there was no local transmission and verified Chile's capacity to respond to future influxes of cases.

WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, "Chile's eradication of leprosy is powerful proof of what leadership, science and solidarity can achieve. It is a clear message that with sustained commitment, inclusive health services, integrated public health strategies, early detection and universal access to healthcare, even old diseases can be consigned to history."

“Chile’s achievements show that eradicating leprosy is possible and that this requires building strong systems to detect and respond to the disease and provide comprehensive care to patients,” said PAHO Director-General Harvas Barbosa.

Success stories of integrated health models

Chile reported 47 leprosy cases nationwide between 2012 and 2023, but none of them were domestically transmitted. Chile's integrated model has a system in which primary health care facilities serve as the entry point for suspected cases and provide timely linkage to specialized dermatology services for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.

Medical staff receive training aligned with WHO's 'Towards Zero Leprosy' strategy, and the system prioritizes holistic care, including early intervention, disability prevention, physiotherapy and rehabilitation services.

“This is very good news for our country and a source of great pride,” said Chilean Health Minister Ximena Aguilera. “This milestone reflects decades of sustained public health efforts, including prevention strategies, early diagnosis, effective treatment, continuous follow-up, and the dedication of health teams across the country.”